Manufacture of hollow bodies.



B KNAEBEL MANUPAGTURE o? HOLLOW BODIES.

APPLOATION FILED MAR-.15, 1911.

Patented Decr 23, i913.

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` UNITED sica? 1; l raiiai o risica,

BENEDIKT KNAEBEL, or nussntno'at", GERMANY, aSsrGNoR 'ro RHEiNIscHn METALL i WAAREN- UND Mascmrmnrasnzx, 'or nUssnLnoRr-niziinnnonr, GERMANY.

MANUFACTUBE 'AOF HOLLOW BOJDIES.

'l Specification of Letters Patent.

,Patented lll-ce.

Original application led January 4, 1910, Serial No. 536,309. Divided and this application filed March 15,

1911. Serial No. 614,653.

To aU fw/iom 'if hay concern l 'Be it kno n' that I, Bnisiioiicr KNAnnnL, a subject of the German Emperor, residing at 3 Geistensti'asse, Dusseldorf, Germany, have 5 invented certain new and useful ImproveY ments in the Manufacture of Hollow Bodies; and I do hereby declare the following to be; apfull, clear, and exact description of the in f vention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains tomake and use the same.

This application is a division of my companion application, Serial No. 536,309, filed Jany. 4, 1910.

V 'This invention relates to improvements iii the manufacture of hollow bodies, and more particularly of cartridge cases, from solid prismatic or cylindrical blocks of copper alloys, and it involves certain improvements on apparatus used in the process for-the manufacture of cartridge cases of brass or other alloy of copper described in the specification of the application for patent in the United States filed December 15, 1905, the

serial number` of which application for patent is 291,938. In the said process care must be taken, that the temperature to which the blocks are heated in the heating furnace is not altered in a different degree during the 'successive operations. Therefore the pressing' tools used in carrying the process into effect must be so constructed, that any unintentional delay is avoided when insertingi the block in'to the die and removing the pressed 3,5blank 'from the same. AccordinglyI the f tools must be so constructed, that the block can not'be placed edgewise into the die and that it is not necessary to center the .same after once placing it into the dier` which op- 0 eration would cause an objectionable delay. As the mass of metal of the cylindrical portion of the cartridge case is small as compared to its diameter, and as the whole mass of metal of the case including its base, is

5 small as compared to the space occupied by the cartridge case, the transverse dimensions of the blocks subjected to the process are always comparatively large.y while their heights are comparatively small, the former ,5 being generally a multiple of the latter. Then placing such blocks of cylindricalv or prismatic eioss-scetion into the die, their position within the latter is frequently inaccurate iii that they are sometimes located for this is that`l when usingV a die the axis ot which is vertical, it is necessary to drop the -block into the hollow oi thc die which on The object of the present inve ntioii is to provide a .pressing apparatus of such a construction, that the block when being inserted into the die can assume only a position ccntrally of the die and coaxially wi of the pressing apparatus.

th the axis lil/ith the block thus positioned, the flow ot metal in the pressing operation to.t`orm the si the hollow or cup-shaped blank de wall ot is uniform on all sides of the die and the said side wall of the resulting blank is thus of uni'loiiii strength over its entire arca and its axial dimension or height is also unit'oi-m whole cirpumference of the blank.

around the A die constructed iii the manner described hereinafter is advantageous also spect` that the pressing operati continued without interi'ul'ition.

iii this ieoii can be until the tools become so hot that they must he cooled by water or in a similaiway.

For the iur iose of ex ilaiuino F1 the invention more in detail au example eiiiliodyingr the saine has been described lieieiiialitci. retercnce being had to the accoiupaiiviiigin drawiup; forming a pai-t ot this specification.

ln said drawing` Figure i cross-section ot' a liiessingr appar ing a block within the cavity ot' t the punch in its position just a vertical atiis `:howlie die and bci-'ore the pressing opci'atioii. Figi. Q is a similar crosssection ot an apparatus illustratin g a uiodiiication of the apparatusl and showing' the punch and other parts in their positions at the end of the pressing operation. and Fig: 3 is a horizontal cross-section ot Fig. Q.

The same letters of reference used iii all the views to indicate c ing parts.

have been oi'iespoiid- Referring' to the example illustrated iii the drawing', a die n. formed by a block of steel is formed with a cavity which is of slightly less depth than the block Z to be subected to the pressingi process.

ingly the said block when place cavity ofthe die projects with its above the upper i'ace oi the die.

icoi'iild into the upper tace In the poangularly to the axis of the die. The reason y sition of the parts shown in Fig. 1, the punch rif.

provided the, t

c is located directly above the said 'block space and in Contact therewilli. Bearing on the upper 'face oi' 'the die and surrounding the punch a ring I is provided which is adapted lo slioe on the 'punch Vwithout having an ohjcctieunhlc play thereon. The hloek is eii n ot' circular or polygonal (square) cross seetion. and ils transverse dimension i such, 'hnl' when 'being inserted into the oie il guided with its axial sides or its eylindrill surface Within the bore of the ring; L so that it can `fet into the die only7 on a perfectly centered position. ln order to more 'easily insert the block into the die 'the bore of the ring" flares outwardly at its upper om. is the cavity of the die is less deep than the block. the latter projects with its upper end beyond the die and into the 1oore or' the ring at the beginning of the pressing oreration, and only when the punch is 'orceo oon'v Ward and on the metal of the bleek is it ntirely slipped out of the ring. By disposing* 'the ring nl immediately on the hlocli also the punch is Centered relatively to elle blocli'. and the die to the last moment, t the ring Z is held in a cen`- tered position. ln the example illustrated the said centered position of the ring (Z is assured by means of a Sleeve e surrounding the saine and engaging With a concentric f the upper nart of the die @whereby held .in centered position. The said ve is formed with a` bore which is disatiialljv or the pressingl apparatus, and said bore the ring Z is adapted to in an ax `l direclion. At its upper end f oilar e formed with an inwardly projecting' iange g, providing a suitable guide o the punch c.

Qn the improved die jthe pressingr operation is performed as follows: `Wliile the pone-li .is in its retacted position shown in dotted lines in l, a block o et red heat held shove the upper aperture formed by e .flange g and it is dropped. When thus ialling downward it is guided Within the here of the flange g and it falls on the bore of the ring Z through which it passes in a. centered position, until it arrives in the po- 'tion shown in Fig. l and at the bottom of ie cavit of the in which it still has a centered position. llow the pressing apparatus is started without delay, the punch c -passes cenrally through-the guiding portion of t`ie sleeve e and it is again guided Withn-tlie bore of the ring al. Assoon as it comes in Contact with the block o the pressure is exerted on the latter in the manner described above. lie Wnole block is under presssre is remains under the action of said. pressure, until the metalreaclies the annular space which is being ionized oy alie descent of the punch between the latter nel the-well. oi" the cavity of the die. As

the metal nos passed this annular- Lesage@ p e multa neously nj l as is Quite common in working nien, oi o similar 'character in siste of red heat. T irouggh the annular passage 'the instal rises around the punch in the i'orin i a hollow' cylinder, and the ring( ff' raised l, as is shown in The entire pressing operation silice/red u'iihiu a very short time, so that the niet'l hardly Changes its temperature. At the end of such pressing operation the punch c is again retracied and the cup shaped blank slipped oli the saine by means oi' the ring f7... Now the guiding sleeve e may he removed and the blaul; taken out of the die.

To prevent the ring (l from drogping downward when the guiding sleeve e is le moved and the cup shaped hlnn the die an inwardly projecting ring 2 is eure-cl to ille lower side of tue solo sleeve Fig. 2 shows a inodilication of the eenstructiou of die shore o. As shown in the said ligure. the slew `s formed with a lateral opening /zy of suilici size to permit the removal the press d blank by means oi a pair of tongs. Therefore it is not necessary to remove the sleeve e after each pressing operation. lu a similar waytlie hot. block can be inserted into the die ihrough the said opening z, in 'which case the stroke oi the punch can be reduced. The stroke the punch required in this is indican1 in dotted lines in 2. Having now prticnlazij; ascertained nature of my said and in what manner the seme is to formed declare that wha eaiin is l. lnan apparatus for shaping hollenJ bodies, the ':onilfination, with a punch, or" a die having a. relatively shallow cavity, means exterior to said cavity for accurate centering a bloc-l of metal therein, 2. ln an apparatus for slisirir loocliesi, the combination with a punch, a die adapied to receive a solid olocl, and an axially inovalsle guide ring centrallylocated on said cavity of the die and providing guidefor said bloei While being in sorted into the die and for said punch While advancing toward the bloeit, said guide :iner

being adapted to heli.' edv from its seat 'oy the instal for outward or" the die' ly' the .L L0 bef i'lited. los seatojfftlie metsloroed' Cit outward of the die by the pressing opera tion, and means to center said'guide ring on the cavity of the die and providing an axial guide for said guide ring.

4. In an apparatus for shaping hollow bodies, the combination With a punch, of a die adapted to receive a solid block, and an axially movable ring located on said cavity rif Lilie die and providing a guide for said block while being' inserted into the die and for said punch while advancing toward the solid block, said guide ring being adapted to be lifted from its seat by the metal forced outwar'clof the die by the pressing operation, and a sleeve 0n said die center said guide ring on the cavity of the die and providing an axial guide for said guide ring'7 said sleeve having n. lateral opening permitting the insertion of bhe block into the die pressed article through the same.

In Witness whereof I have hereunto set; my hand in presence of two Witnesses.

BENEDTKT KNAEBEL. [n iVitnesSes O'rro KNIG7 CHAS. J. WRIGHT.

adapted io and the removal of the 20 

